Section 8.4: Inferences from Matched Pairs

1. Explain what it means to have ‘matched pairs’ in a study with two samples.
2. Explain why matched pairs violates one of the assumptions of the 2-sample \(T\)-test with independent samples.
3. State claims about population means for matched pairs in terms of the individual means and the difference in the means.
4. Give examples of studies in nutrition, exercise, and medicine that might use a matched pair design.
5. State the test statistic for a paired \(T\)-test, and give its sampling distribution under the null hypothesis.
6. Explain, roughly, why the 2-sample \(T\)-test with independent samples and the paired \(T\)-test might result in different conclusions using the same data.
7. Determine, based on the design of a study, whether a 2-sample \(T\)-test with independent samples or a paired \(T\)-test would most appropriate for testing a claim about the population means.
8. Interpret Minitab’s output from its paired \(T\)-test routine.
9. Given summary statistics about the mean and standard deviation of difference scores from matched samples, use the appropriate \(T\)-statistic to test a claim about the population means.